Dyscalculia is a genetic or congenital disorder. 

Dyscalculia is caused by a difference in brain function and/or structure. The specific area of the brain that deals with mathematical proccesses is known as the intra-parietal sulcus. Studies have shown that children with dyscalculia have less brain cells or less brain function in this area. Abornamlities in this area are the central cause of dyscalculia. Dyscalculia is also hereditary. Abnormalities in the X chromosome tend to have an affect on parietal lobe developments. Thus, X chromosome conditions such as Turner's Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome increase one's risk for dyscalculia. 

 

Since the brain has the ability to change, which is known as plasticity, dyscalculia is not a permanent disorder. With much practice in mathematical proccesses, dyscalculia could be "cured."